C# – Sibeesh Passion

LINQ Basic To Advanced – MVC Demo Application

SibeeshVenu — Mon, 15 May 2017 16:09:40 +0000

[toc]

Introduction

Here, in this post we are going to a see some LINQ queries, which covers both basics and advanced. LINQ queries are introduced few years back to offer a consistent way for working with data across many datasources and formats. In LINQ queries, you will always work with objects, which makes it simple to write. I hope you would have already written lots of LINQ queries already, if you haven’t, I strongly reccommend you to read this blog where you can find the answer for, why do we need to use LINQ?. Here I am going to create a MVC demo application. I hope you will like this. Now let’s begin.

Download Source Code

LINQ_B_To_A

Background

Whenever I get a chance to write some server side codes in C#, I always write it using LINQ. And few weeks back, I was assigned to a training programme where my job was to teach LINQ, hence this post covers the the queries I have written for the training programme. Hope you will find it useful.

Using the code

A LINQ query can be written in two ways.

Query Syntax

Method Chain or Using dot(.) operator

There are so many articles available in the Internet on the topic LINQ, but most of them dont cover the differences of writing the queries in two possible ways, the motive of this article is to write the queries in both ways, so that you can understand the differnces.

As I mentioned, we are going to create an MVC application, we need to create it first and then configure the entity. Let’s go and do that.

Create a database

To get started with we need to configure our database first. To do so, either you can download the Wild World Importers from here or you can run the script file included in the downlaod link above.

Once after you created the database, you can create your MVC application and Entity Data Model in it.

Configuring MVC application with Entity Data Model

By this time, I hope you would have configured your MVC application with Entity Data Model. Now it is time to create a controller and Entity object.

[csharp]
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Data.Entity;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Mvc;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using LINQ_B_to_A.Models;
namespace LINQ_B_to_A.Controllers
{
public class HomeController : Controller
{
// GET: Home

public MyDataModel DtContext { get; set; } = new MyDataModel();
}
}
[/csharp]

Now we can write some LINQ queries as everything is set to get started.

Setting up the Index view with possible actions

This is just to call the actions we are going write. Let’s see the Index page now.

[html]
@{
ViewBag.Title = "Index";
Layout = "~/Views/Shared/_Layout.cshtml";
}

Index

[/html]

LINQ Basic to Advanced Index View

Normal Select Query With StartWith and Take

Let’s have a look at the preceding query.

[csharp]
///

/// Linq query with Select
///

///
public ActionResult LoadAll()
{
var loadAllData = (from d in DtContext.Cities where d.CityName.StartsWith("C") select d).Take(10);

//Method Chain Format
var loadAllData1 = DtContext.Cities.Where(d => d.CityName.StartsWith("C")).Take(10);

return PartialView(loadAllData);
}
[/csharp]

As you can see, we are just fetching the data from Cities in both ways. And we are using StartWith as a filter, which actually looks for the city names which starts with the letter C, and finally we are taking 10 elements from it. The first query is the “Query syntax” and the second one is “Method chain”. Personally I like the second way. How about you?

[html]
@model IQueryable

City Names

@foreach (var ctyObj in Model)
{

@ctyObj.CityName

}



        public ActionResult LoadAll()

        {

            var loadAllData = (from d in DtContext.Cities where d.CityName.StartsWith("C") select d).Take(10);
            //Method Chain Format

            var loadAllData1 = DtContext.Cities.Where(d => d.CityName.StartsWith("C")).Take(10);
            return PartialView(loadAllData);

        }

[/html]

We are ready to see our first query in action now.

Let’s creat a partial view now to show the data we fetched.

JOIN Query

To write a join, the query would be as preceding.

[csharp]
///

/// Linq query with join and where
///

///
public ActionResult JoinWithWhere()
{
var loadAllData = (from oOrders in DtContext.Orders
join oOrderLines in DtContext.OrderLines
on oOrders.OrderID equals oOrderLines.OrderID
orderby oOrders.OrderID
select new OrderAndOrderLines()
{
OrderId = oOrders.OrderID,
Description = oOrderLines.Description,
Quantity = oOrderLines.Quantity
}).Take(10);
//Method Chain Format
var asMethodChain = DtContext.Orders.Join(DtContext.OrderLines, oOrders => oOrders.OrderID,
oOrderLines => oOrderLines.OrderID,
(oOrders, oOrderLines) => new { oOrders, oOrderLines })
.OrderBy(@o => @o.oOrders.OrderID)
.Select(@s => new OrderAndOrderLines()
{
OrderId = @s.oOrders.OrderID,
Description = @s.oOrderLines.Description,
Quantity = @s.oOrderLines.Quantity
}).Take(10);

return PartialView(loadAllData);
}
[/csharp]

In the above query we are just joining the tables Order and OrderLines with OrderID and to select we are using an another custom model OrderAndOrderLines.

[csharp]
namespace LINQ_B_to_A.Models
{
public partial class OrderAndOrderLines
{
public int OrderId { get; set; }
public string Description { get; set; }
public int? Quantity { get; set; }
}
}
[/csharp]

The view can be written as follows.

[html]
@model IEnumerable

@foreach (var @item in Model)
{

}

Order Details
Order ID	Description	Quantity
@item.OrderId	@item.Description	@item.Quantity



     public ActionResult JoinWithWhere()

        {

            var loadAllData = (from oOrders in DtContext.Orders

                               join oOrderLines in DtContext.OrderLines

                               on oOrders.OrderID equals oOrderLines.OrderID

                               orderby oOrders.OrderID

                               select new OrderAndOrderLines()

                               {

                                   OrderId = oOrders.OrderID,

                                   Description = oOrderLines.Description,

                                   Quantity = oOrderLines.Quantity

                               }).Take(10);

            //Method Chain Format

            var asMethodChain = DtContext.Orders.Join(DtContext.OrderLines, oOrders => oOrders.OrderID,

                    oOrderLines => oOrderLines.OrderID,

                    (oOrders, oOrderLines) => new { oOrders, oOrderLines })

                .OrderBy(o => o.oOrders.OrderID)

                .Select(s => new OrderAndOrderLines()

                {

                    OrderId = s.oOrders.OrderID,

                    Description = s.oOrderLines.Description,

                    Quantity = s.oOrderLines.Quantity

                }).Take(10);
            return PartialView(loadAllData);

        }

[/html]

Once you run the action you can see the result as follows.

LINQ Basic to Advanced Join With Where

Left JOIN Query

To write a Left join, the query would be as preceding.

[csharp]
///

/// Linq query with Left Join
///

///
public ActionResult LeftJoin()
{
var loadAllData = (from oOrder in DtContext.Orders
join oOrderLine in DtContext.OrderLines
on oOrder.OrderID equals oOrderLine.OrderID
into lftOrder
from afterJoined in lftOrder.DefaultIfEmpty()
orderby oOrder.OrderID descending
select new OrderAndOrderLines()
{
OrderId = oOrder.OrderID,
Description = afterJoined.Description
}).Take(10).ToList();
//Method Chain Format
var lftJoinMethodChain = (DtContext.Orders.GroupJoin(DtContext.OrderLines,
oOrder => oOrder.OrderID, oOrderLine => oOrderLine.OrderID,
(oOrder, lftJoin) => new { oOrder, lftJoin })
.SelectMany(@sm => @sm.lftJoin.DefaultIfEmpty(), (@sm, afterJoin) => new { @sm, afterJoin })
.OrderByDescending(@o => @o.sm.oOrder.OrderID)
.Select(@s => new OrderAndOrderLines()
{
OrderId = @s.sm.oOrder.OrderID,
Description = @s.afterJoin.Description
})).Take(10).ToList();

return PartialView(loadAllData);
}
[/csharp]

In the above query we are just joining the tables Order and OrderLines with OrderID and to select we are using an another custom model OrderAndOrderLines as our previous query. The differences you could find here are, using an ‘into’ and ‘DefaultIfEmpty’ statements. The DefaultIfEmpty is making sure that it returns empty if there is no appropriate rows found in the second table.

The view can be written as follows.

[html]
@model IEnumerable

@foreach (var @item in Model)
{

}

Order Details
Order ID	Description	Quantity
@item.OrderId	@item.Description	@item.Quantity



    public ActionResult LeftJoin()

        {

            var loadAllData = (from oOrder in DtContext.Orders

                               join oOrderLine in DtContext.OrderLines

                               on oOrder.OrderID equals oOrderLine.OrderID

                               into lftOrder

                               from afterJoined in lftOrder.DefaultIfEmpty()

                               orderby oOrder.OrderID descending

                               select new OrderAndOrderLines()

                               {

                                   OrderId = oOrder.OrderID,

                                   Description = afterJoined.Description

                               }).Take(10).ToList();

            //Method Chain Format

            var lftJoinMethodChain = (DtContext.Orders.GroupJoin(DtContext.OrderLines,

                    oOrder => oOrder.OrderID, oOrderLine => oOrderLine.OrderID,

                    (oOrder, lftJoin) => new { oOrder, lftJoin })

                .SelectMany(sm => sm.lftJoin.DefaultIfEmpty(), (sm, afterJoin) => new { sm, afterJoin })

                .OrderByDescending(o => o.sm.oOrder.OrderID)

                .Select(s => new OrderAndOrderLines()

                {

                    OrderId = s.sm.oOrder.OrderID,

                    Description = s.afterJoin.Description

                })).Take(10).ToList();
            return PartialView(loadAllData);

        }

[/html]

Once you run the action you can see the result as follows.

LINQ Basic to Advanced Left Join

As you can see in the image, the order id 200000 doesn’t has any appropriate rows in the second table, so it shows as empty.

Distinct Query

The below query shows how we can write simple distinct query.

[csharp]
///

/// Linq query Distinct sample
///

///
public ActionResult DistinctSample()
{
var distictSample = (from oOrder in DtContext.OrderLines
select oOrder.Description).Distinct().Take(10).ToList();

//Method Chain Format
var distictAsMethodChain = (DtContext.OrderLines.Select(oOrder => oOrder.Description)).Distinct().Take(10).ToList();

return PartialView(distictSample);
}
[/csharp]

In the above query we use Distinct to make sure that only distict items are selected from the result. The view can be written as follows.

[html]
@model List

Order Descriptions

@foreach (var orderLinesyObj in Model)
{

@orderLinesyObj

}



    public ActionResult DistinctSample()

        {

            var distictSample = (from oOrder in DtContext.OrderLines

                                 select oOrder.Description).Distinct().Take(10).ToList();
            //Method Chain Format

            var distictAsMethodChain = (DtContext.OrderLines.Select(oOrder => oOrder.Description)).Distinct().Take(10).ToList();
            return PartialView(distictSample);

        }

[/html]

Once you run the action you can see the result as follows.

LINQ Basic to Advanced Distinct Query

Equals and Not Equals Queries

We can write the equals and not equals query as preceding.

[csharp]
///

/// Linq query Equals sample
///

///
public ActionResult EqualsSamples()
{
var objEquals = (from objCity in DtContext.Cities
where objCity.CityName.Equals("Troy")
select objCity).Take(2);
//Method Chain Format
var objEquals1 = DtContext.Cities.Where(d => d.CityName.Equals("Troy")).Take(2);

return PartialView("OperatorSamples", objEquals);
}

///

/// Linq query Not Equals sample
///

///
public ActionResult NotEqualsSamples()
{
var objNotEquals = (from objCity in DtContext.Cities
where objCity.CityName != "Troy"
select objCity).Take(5);

var objNotEquals1 = (from objCity in DtContext.Cities
where !objCity.CityName.Equals("Troy")
select objCity).Take(5);

//Method Chain Format
var objNotEquals2 = DtContext.Cities.Where(d => d.CityName != "Troy").Take(2);

var objNotEquals3 = DtContext.Cities.Where(d => !d.CityName.Equals("Troy")).Take(2);

return PartialView("OperatorSamples", objNotEquals);
}
[/csharp]

The view can be written as follows.

[html]
@model IQueryable

@foreach (var @item in Model)
{

}

City Details
City ID	City Name	City Location
@item.CityID	@item.CityName	@item.Location

Equals Oerator



    public ActionResult EqualsSamples()

        {

            var objEquals = (from objCity in DtContext.Cities

                                       where objCity.CityName.Equals("Troy")

                                       select objCity).Take(2);

            //Method Chain Format

            var objEquals1 = DtContext.Cities.Where(d => d.CityName.Equals("Troy")).Take(2);
            return PartialView("OperatorSamples", objEquals);

        }
        public ActionResult NotEqualsSamples()

        {

            var objNotEquals = (from objCity in DtContext.Cities

                where objCity.CityName != "Troy"

                select objCity).Take(5);
            var objNotEquals1 = (from objCity in DtContext.Cities

                where !objCity.CityName.Equals("Troy")

                select objCity).Take(5);
            //Method Chain Format

            var objNotEquals2 = DtContext.Cities.Where(d => d.CityName != "Troy").Take(2);
            var objNotEquals3 = DtContext.Cities.Where(d => !d.CityName.Equals("Troy")).Take(2);
            return PartialView("OperatorSamples", objNotEquals);

        }
        public ActionResult PagingQueries()

        {

            var objNotEquals = (from objCity in DtContext.Cities

                where objCity.CityName != "Troy"

                orderby objCity.CityName ascending

                select objCity).Skip(5).Take(5);
            //Method Chain Format

            var objNotEquals2 = DtContext.Cities.Where(d => d.CityName != "Troy").Skip(5).Take(5);
            return PartialView("OperatorSamples", objNotEquals);

        }

[/html]

Once you run the action you can see the result as follows.

LINQ Basic to Advanced Equals and Not Equals

LINQ Paging Queries

Paging queries are always important as we work in some grid controls, with LINQ those are very easy. Let’s see one of that query.

[csharp]
///

/// Linq Paging Queries
///

///
public ActionResult PagingQueries()
{
var objNotEquals = (from objCity in DtContext.Cities
where objCity.CityName != "Troy"
orderby objCity.CityName ascending
select objCity).Skip(5).Take(5);

//Method Chain Format
var objNotEquals2 = DtContext.Cities.Where(d => d.CityName != "Troy").Skip(5).Take(5);

return PartialView("OperatorSamples", objNotEquals);
}
[/csharp]

Once you run the action you can see the result as follows.

LINQ Basic to Advanced Paging Queries

LINQ Math Queries

Here we are going to write the possible Math functions in our LINQ query.

[csharp]
///

/// Math Queries
///

///
public ActionResult MathQueries()
{
var objMath = (from objInv in DtContext.InvoiceLines
where objInv.ExtendedPrice > 10 && objInv.Quantity < 15
orderby objInv.InvoiceLineID descending
select new MathClass()
{
Actual = objInv.ExtendedPrice,
Round = Math.Round(objInv.ExtendedPrice),
Floor = Math.Floor(objInv.ExtendedPrice),
Ceiling = Math.Ceiling(objInv.ExtendedPrice),
Abs = Math.Abs(objInv.ExtendedPrice)
}).Take(10);

//Method Chain Format
var objMath2 = DtContext.InvoiceLines
.Where(objInv => objInv.ExtendedPrice > 10 && objInv.Quantity < 15)
.OrderByDescending(o => o.InvoiceLineID)
.Select(objInv => new MathClass()
{
Actual = objInv.ExtendedPrice,
Round = Math.Round(objInv.ExtendedPrice),
Floor = Math.Floor(objInv.ExtendedPrice),
Ceiling = Math.Ceiling(objInv.ExtendedPrice),
Abs = Math.Abs(objInv.ExtendedPrice)
}).Take(10);

return PartialView("MathQueries", objMath);
}
[/csharp]

As you can see we have written most of the possible Math functions in our query and selecting with a custome model MathClass.

[csharp]
namespace LINQ_B_to_A.Models
{
public partial class MathClass
{
public decimal Actual { get; set; }
public decimal Round { get; set; }
public decimal Floor { get; set; }
public decimal Ceiling { get; set; }
public decimal Abs { get; set; }
}
}
[/csharp]

Let’s see the view now.

[html]

@model IQueryable

@foreach (var @item in Model)
{

}

Math Operators
Actual: @item.Actual	Round: @item.Round	Floor: @item.Floor	Ceiling: @item.Ceiling	Abs: @item.Abs



    public ActionResult MathQueries()

        {

            var objMath = (from objInv in DtContext.InvoiceLines

                          where objInv.ExtendedPrice > 10 && objInv.Quantity < 15

                          orderby objInv.InvoiceLineID descending

                          select new MathClass()

                          {

                              Actual = objInv.ExtendedPrice,

                              Round = Math.Round(objInv.ExtendedPrice),

                              Floor = Math.Floor(objInv.ExtendedPrice),

                              Ceiling = Math.Ceiling(objInv.ExtendedPrice),

                              Abs = Math.Abs(objInv.ExtendedPrice)

                          }).Take(10);
            //Method Chain Format

            var objMath2 = DtContext.InvoiceLines

                .Where(objInv => objInv.ExtendedPrice > 10 && objInv.Quantity < 15)

                .OrderByDescending(o => o.InvoiceLineID)

                .Select(objInv => new MathClass()

                {

                    Actual = objInv.ExtendedPrice,

                    Round = Math.Round(objInv.ExtendedPrice),

                    Floor = Math.Floor(objInv.ExtendedPrice),

                    Ceiling = Math.Ceiling(objInv.ExtendedPrice),

                    Abs = Math.Abs(objInv.ExtendedPrice)

                }).Take(10);
            return PartialView("MathQueries", objMath);

        }

[/html]

See the result now.

LINQ Basic to Advanced Math Queries

LINQ String Queries

As we saw the Math queries, here we are going to write the possible String functions in our LINQ query.

[csharp]
///

/// String Queries
///

///
public ActionResult StringQueries()
{
var objString = (from objInv in DtContext.InvoiceLines
where objInv.ExtendedPrice > 10 && objInv.Quantity < 15
orderby objInv.InvoiceLineID descending
select new StringClass()
{
Actual = objInv.Description,
Insert = objInv.Description.Insert(2, "sibeeshpassion"),
Remove = objInv.Description.Remove(1, 1),
Substring = objInv.Description.Substring(2, 3),
ToLower = objInv.Description.ToLower(),
ToUpper = objInv.Description.ToUpper(),
TrimEnd = objInv.Description.TrimEnd(),
TrimStart = objInv.Description.TrimStart()
}).Take(2);

//Method Chain Format
var objString2 = DtContext.InvoiceLines
.Where(objInv => objInv.ExtendedPrice > 10 && objInv.Quantity < 15)
.OrderByDescending(o => o.InvoiceLineID)
.Select(objInv => new StringClass()
{
Actual = objInv.Description,
Insert = objInv.Description.Insert(2, "sibeeshpassion"),
Remove = objInv.Description.Remove(1, 1),
Substring = objInv.Description.Substring(2, 3),
ToLower = objInv.Description.ToLower(),
ToUpper = objInv.Description.ToUpper(),
TrimEnd = objInv.Description.TrimEnd(),
TrimStart = objInv.Description.TrimStart()
}).Take(2);

return PartialView("StringQueries", objString);
}
[/csharp]

As you can see, here we are using a custom model StringClass.

[csharp]
namespace LINQ_B_to_A.Models
{
public partial class StringClass
{
public string Actual { get; set; }
public string Insert { get; set; }
public string Remove { get; set; }
public string Substring { get; set; }
public string ToUpper { get; set; }
public string ToLower { get; set; }
public string TrimStart { get; set; }
public string TrimEnd { get; set; }
}
}
[/csharp]

Let’s see the view now.

[html]

@model IQueryable

@foreach (var @item in Model)
{

}

String Operators
Actual: @item.Actual	Insert: @item.Insert	Remove: @item.Remove	Substring: @item.Substring	ToLower: @item.ToLower	ToUpper: @item.ToUpper	TrimEnd: @item.TrimEnd	TrimStart: @item.TrimStart



        public ActionResult StringQueries()

        {

            var objString = (from objInv in DtContext.InvoiceLines

                where objInv.ExtendedPrice > 10 && objInv.Quantity < 15

                orderby objInv.InvoiceLineID descending

                select new StringClass()

                {
                    Actual = objInv.Description,

                    Insert = objInv.Description.Insert(2,"sibeeshpassion"),

                    Remove = objInv.Description.Remove(1,1),

                    Substring = objInv.Description.Substring(2,3),

                    ToLower = objInv.Description.ToLower(),

                    ToUpper = objInv.Description.ToUpper(),

                    TrimEnd = objInv.Description.TrimEnd(),

                    TrimStart = objInv.Description.TrimStart()

                }).Take(2);
            //Method Chain Format

            var objString2 = DtContext.InvoiceLines

                .Where(objInv => objInv.ExtendedPrice > 10 && objInv.Quantity < 15)

                .OrderByDescending(o => o.InvoiceLineID)

                .Select(objInv => new StringClass()

                {

                    Actual = objInv.Description,

                    Insert = objInv.Description.Insert(2, "sibeeshpassion"),

                    Remove = objInv.Description.Remove(1, 1),

                    Substring = objInv.Description.Substring(2, 3),

                    ToLower = objInv.Description.ToLower(),

                    ToUpper = objInv.Description.ToUpper(),

                    TrimEnd = objInv.Description.TrimEnd(),

                    TrimStart = objInv.Description.TrimStart()

                }).Take(2);
            return PartialView("StringQueries", objString);

        }

[/html]

Now see the result.

LINQ Basic to Advanced String Queries

SelectMany Query

A SelectMany query flattern the result to a single dimentional collection, so to loop through the result we just need only one loop.

LINQ Basic to Advanced SelectMany Tooltip

If you use the normal Select, you will be getting a list of lists, thus you will have to use two loops to get the datas.

LINQ Basic to Advanced Select Tooltip

[csharp]
///

/// Linq query with SelectMany
///

///
public ActionResult SelectMany()
{
var selectMany = DtContext.Orders.SelectMany(order => order.Invoices).Take(10);
var select = DtContext.Orders.Select(order => order.Invoices).Take(10);
return PartialView("SelectMany", selectMany);
}
[/csharp]

Let’s see the view now.

[html]
@model IQueryable

@foreach (var @item in Model)
{

}

Invoice Details
Order ID	Invoice ID	Invoice Date
@item.OrderID	@item.InvoiceID	@item.InvoiceDate

Select Many



     /// 

        /// Linq query with SelectMany

        /// 


        /// 

        public ActionResult SelectMany()

        {

            var selectMany = DtContext.Orders.SelectMany(order => order.Invoices).Take(10);

            var select = DtContext.Orders.Select(order => order.Invoices).Take(10);

            return PartialView("SelectMany", selectMany);

        }

[/html]

Now see the result.

That’s all for today, I will come with another set of LINQ queries in the next part. Till then, bye.

LINQ Basic to Advanced SelectMany

Conclusion

Did I miss anything that you may think which is needed? Could you find this post as useful? I hope you liked this article. Please share me your valuable suggestions and feedback.

Your turn. What do you think?

A blog isn’t a blog without comments, but do try to stay on topic. If you have a question unrelated to this post, you’re better off posting it on C# Corner, Code Project, Stack Overflow, Asp.Net Forum instead of commenting here. Tweet or email me a link to your question there and I’ll definitely try to help if I can.

Kindest Regards
Sibeesh Venu

C sharp Interview Questions And Answers

SibeeshVenu — Sat, 24 Oct 2015 08:06:18 +0000

[toc]

Introduction

In this article, we will discuss the most asked C# interview questions and answers. If you need to know other interview questions and answers, I strongly recommend to follow this link: Interview Questions. Now in this post, we are going to share the interview questions for C# or a Dot Net developer. No matter you are experienced or fresher, it is important that you must aware of these. So please read it carefully. I hope you will like this article.

Background

C# is one of my favorite programming languages. So I am really happy to share you some interview questions related to C#. You can always read my other interview questions here in the below links.

Interview Questions For Experienced and Beginner .NET Professionals
Infosys Interview Questions For DotNet Professionals
SQL Interview Questions And Answers
Important ADO.NET Interview Questions
So shall we now discuss C# interview questions?

C# Interview Questions

What are Abstract Classes?

The purpose of an abstract class is to define some common behavior that can be inherited by multiple sub classes, without implementing the entire class. In C#, the abstract keyword designates both an abstract class and a pure virtual method. The purpose of an abstract class is to provide a common definition of a base class that multiple derived classes can share. For example, a class library may define an abstract class that is used as a parameter to many of its functions and require programmers using that library to provide their own implementation of the class by creating a derived class.

Properties

An abstract class cannot be instantiated.
It can be inherited.
It can have method implementations, class members.
Only abstract classes can have abstract methods.

Syntax

What are Abstract methods?Give an example?

Abstract Methods

Abstract methods have no implementation, so the method definition is followed by a semicolon instead of a normal method block. (See above example for syntax)

Derived classes of the abstract class must implement all abstract methods.
When an abstract class inherits a virtual method from a base class, the abstract class can override the virtual method with an abstract method.

Example

What is Interface? Explain with an example?

An interface is useful when you want to be able to use some common functionality of otherwise unrelated classes- they share no implementation details, only the function signatures. In C#, function declarations within an interface are implicitly pure virtual.

An interface contains only the signatures of methods, properties, events or indexers. A class or struct that implements the interface must implement the members of the interface that are specified in the interface definition.

Properties

An interface can be a member of a namespace or a class and can contain signatures of methods, properties, events, indexers.
An interface can inherit from one or more base interfaces. A class that implements an interface can explicitly implement members of that interface. An explicitly implemented member cannot be accessed through a class instance, but only through an instance of the interface.

Example

Calling the methods

Explain The Difference Between Abstract Class and Interface ?

An Abstract class doesn’t provide full abstraction but an interface does provide full abstraction; i.e. both a declaration and a definition is given in an abstract class but not so in an interface. Using Abstract we cannot achieve multiple inheritances but be using an Interface we can achieve multiple inheritances. We cannot declare a member field in an Interface. We cannot use any access modifier i.e. public, private, protected, internal etc. because within an interface by default everything is public. An Interface member cannot be defined using the keyword static, virtual, abstract or sealed.

Explain Generic Collections & Array Lists ?

Generics allow you to delay the specification of the data type of programming elements in a class or a method until it is actually used in the program. In other words, generics allow you to write a class or method that can work with any data type. Generic Collections helps us to create flexible type-safe, strong type collections at compile time.

Syntax

Namespace

ArrayList

They are ordered a collection of objects, that can be resized automatically, that has dynamic memory allocation and which can contain different types of data. Arraylist stores its members as objects, so in order to retrieve it, we must type cast it.

Syntax and Example

Namespace

What are Finalize and Dispose? Can you list down the differences between them?

Finalizers are run by the Garbage Collection before an object that is eligible for collection is reclaimed. Dispose() is meant for cleaning up unmanaged resources, like network connections, files, handles to OS stuff, &c. It works best in conjunction with the using block where the compiler makes sure that Dispose() will be called immediately once you are done with an object – and also ensures that you cannot work with the object anymore once it’s disposed of.

Dispose() Method

This dispose method will be used to free unmanaged resources like files, database connection etc.
To clear unmanaged resources, we need to write code manually to raise dispose() method.
This Dispose() method belongs to the IDisposable interface.
If we need to implement this method for any custom classes we need to inherit the class from IDisposable interface.
It will not show any effect on the performance of the website and we can use this method whenever we want to free objects immediately.

Finalize() Method

This method also free unmanaged resources like database connections, files etc…
It is automatically raised by garbage collection mechanism whenever the object goes out of scope.
This method belongs to object class.
We need to implement this method whenever we have unmanaged resources in our code and make sure these resources will be freed when garbage collection process was done.
It will show the effect on the performance of the website and it will not suitable to free objects immediately.

What is Dependency Injection?How can we implement it?

Simply put Dependency injection is for decoupling two components. It can be explained by a simple example.

Have a look at the code above.

I have an ErrorLogger class that writes an error into database. The method is actually called from another class ApplicationWatcher.
In a later stage, if I want to send an email instead of writing into the database, this design will not suffice. I will have created another class that has a method that sends an email and creates its instance in the application watches.

What is Data Encapsulation and explain its Implementation?

To know about the Data encapsulation in C#, I recommend you to read here:
Data Encapsulation and Its Implementation
That’s all. Have a great day.

Conclusion

Did I miss anything that you may think which is needed? Could you find this post as useful? I hope you liked this article. Please share me your valuable suggestions and feedback.

Your turn. What do you think?

Kindest Regards
Sibeesh Venu

Using Spire.PDF In Asp.Net

SibeeshVenu — Mon, 24 Aug 2015 16:41:58 +0000

In this article we are going to see a new product Spire.PDF which helps us to create, manipulate PDF and many more. This product has been introduced by the company E-Iceblue. The company has introduced so many products like this. For example Spire.Doc, Spire.XLS. I hope you have read my articles under these categories. If you have not read them, I suggest you to rad here.

Using Spire.Doc

Using Spire.Xls

Working With Charts Using Spire.Xls

Download source code

Using Spire PDF

Background

As you all know a PDF is a most accurate and effective format of a document. A document is very important in our life, so we create PDF files. Now coming to the matter, As we all are developers, we develops anything that is needed. But have you ever tried creating and managing PDF file? Awww!. That’s a quite difficult task right? Still it is possible. “Everything is possible, the word impossible itself says I am possible”. Now It is time to introduce you a product which let you do these task in an easy manner. So that means, you are able to do these task with a little effort.

Create a new Project

Now we will create a new Project in our Visual studio.

Using_Spire_PDF_Create_New_Project

Add License Information To Project

I am using evaluation version with one month temporary license. There are free versions also available for spire.pdf with some limitation. You can try that.

Using_Spire_PDF_Add_License_To_Project

Download the files

You can always the needed files from here: Download Spire.PDF

Install Spire.PDF

Now click on the exe file after you extract the downloaded file. The installation will get started then.

Using_Spire_PDF_Installing

Using_Spire_PDF_Installing_Complete

So Shall we start?

Once you Installed, you are ready to go. We will start with a “Simple Web Application” . I hope you have a created a new web application and added your license as suggested before. Now create a page.

So your page will be looking as follows.

[html]
<%@ Page Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeBehind="Default.aspx.cs" Inherits="UsingSpirePDF.Default" %>

[/html]

Now right click on your project and click add reference, in the browse tab find out the folder in which you have installed spire.pdf. Usually it will be in the C:\Program Files\e-iceblue\Spire.pdf. Now just find your framework version from BIN folder and add Spire.pdf.dll

Using_Spire_PDF_Adding_Reference

Now we have added reference too. So shall we start coding ?

Using the code

There are so many features available, we will look in to most useful features which you might found useful.

Convert PDF Page to Image

In this part, we will see how can we convert a PDF file to image with a specific resolution. It is so simple and powerful.

We will create a button as follows.

[html]

[/html]

Next we need to add the needed references.

[csharp]
using Spire.Pdf;
using Spire.Pdf.Graphics;
using System;
using System.Drawing;
[/csharp]

And in the button click we can write the preceding codes.

[csharp]
protected void btnConvertToImage_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
try
{
PdfDocument documemt = new PdfDocument();
documemt.LoadFromFile(@"D:\\sibeeshpassion.pdf");
Image image = documemt.SaveAsImage(0, PdfImageType.Bitmap, 400, 400);
image.Save(@"D:\\result.jpg");
documemt.Close();
}
catch (Exception)
{

throw;
}
}
[/csharp]

As you can see we are calling the below function to generate the image.

[csharp]
documemt.SaveAsImage(0, PdfImageType.Bitmap, 400, 400);
[/csharp]

And this function has overloaded as in the below image.

Using_Spire_PDF_Covert_PDF_To_Image

Here we are taking the pdf file sibeeshpassion.pdf and we are getting a image as follows as output.

Using_Spire_PDF_Covert_PDF_To_Image_Output

Cool Right?

Now we will see another implementation.

Security

There are few many security options are also available with this package like Encryption and Decryption of the pdf file and creating a digital signature and many more.

Encrypting PDF File

In this step, we are going to set a password for our pdf document.

To work with security, you need to add a new reference as follows.

[csharp]
using Spire.Pdf.Security;
[/csharp]

Now add a new button as follows.

[html]

[/html]

Now it is time for click event.

[csharp]
protected void btnEncryptPDF_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
try
{
PdfDocument doc = new PdfDocument(@"D:\\sibeeshpassion.pdf", "sibeeshpassionEncrypted");
doc.Security.KeySize = PdfEncryptionKeySize.Key256Bit;
doc.Security.OwnerPassword = "sibeeshpassion";
doc.Security.UserPassword = "sibeesh";
doc.Security.Permissions = PdfPermissionsFlags.Print | PdfPermissionsFlags.CopyContent;
}
catch (Exception)
{

throw;
}
}
[/csharp]

Three kind of pdf key size are available as shown in the below image.

Using_Spire_PDF_Possible_Key

And as you can see, we are setting some permission by using the preceding code.

[csharp]
doc.Security.Permissions = PdfPermissionsFlags.Print | PdfPermissionsFlags.CopyContent;
[/csharp]

There are some other permission options also available.

Using_Spire_PDF_Possible_File_Permissions

Now if you try to open our pdf again, it will ask you for a password which we have set in the above codes. Cool.

Decryption of PDF File

AS we encrypt our pdf file, we need to do decryption also right?

Add an another button.

[html]

[/html]

Add the following code block in the button click event.

[csharp]
try
{
PdfDocument doc = new PdfDocument(@"D:\\sibeeshpassion.pdf", "sibeeshpassionEncrypted");
//extract image
Image image = doc.Pages[0].ImagesInfo[0].Image;
doc.Close();
//Save image file.
image.Save("sibeeshpassionDecrypted.png", System.Drawing.Imaging.ImageFormat.Png);
//Launching the image file.
System.Diagnostics.Process.Start("sibeeshpassionDecrypted.png");

}
catch (Exception ex)
{

throw;
}
[/csharp]

Once you run the above codes, your pdf file will be decrypted.

Watermark

You can add watermark to your pdf file easily with this package.

Adding a watermark

There are two kind of watermarks. One is text watermark and other is image watermark.

Now we will add another button.

[html]

[/html]

And in the button click we can write the preceding codes.

[csharp]
protected void btnAddImageWatermark_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
try
{
PdfDocument doc = new PdfDocument("D:\\Sibi.pdf", "Sibi");
Image img = Image.FromFile("D:\\sibi.jpg");
doc.Pages[0].BackgroundImage = img;
doc.SaveToFile("D:\\Sibeesh.pdf");
doc.Close();

}
catch (Exception)
{

throw;
}
}
[/csharp]

As you can see we are taking a pdf file and add a watermark image to the file and at last we save it to an another file. In this case from sibi.pdf to sibeesh.pdf.

I am taking sibi.jpg as the water mark image, so you can see the pdf file with watermarked image as follows.

Using_Spire_PDF_Adding_Watermark

Please be noted that, you can convert your PDF file to any other file format, there are plenty of options available. Please try that too. I have given only few options which I use always.

Conclusion

These are the features I loved using Spire.PDF. It is much effective and simple. What do you think about this? Are you using Spire.PDF yet? Do you plan to try this?Did I miss anything that you may think which is needed?. I hope you liked this article. Please share me your valuable suggestions and feedback.

Your turn. What do you think?

A blog isn’t a blog without comments, but do try to stay on topic. If you have a question unrelated to this post, you’re better off posting it on Stack Overflow instead of commenting here. Tweet or email me a link to your question there and I’ll definitely try to help if I am able to.

Kindest Regards
Sibeesh Venu

Working With Charts Using Spire.XLS

SibeeshVenu — Tue, 11 Aug 2015 15:45:19 +0000

Today we are going to see an another series of new product Spire.XLS which helps us to create, manipulate, convert EXCEL file to other formats, create charts dynamically and many more. This product has been introduced by the company E-Iceblue. I hope you have read my article of Spire.Doc and Spire.XLS. If you have not read it, I recommend you to read it here: Using Spire.XLS

Background

As you all know, charts are the graphical representations of our data. It is much easier to understand our data if it is in a graphical form. Am I right? It is easy to create a static chart, but what about a dynamic one? It will be bit tough right? But by using Spire.XLS, we can create any kind of charts easily. In this post, we will see those implementations.

Download the files

You can always get the needed files from here: Download Spire.XLS

Install Spire.XLS

I am using evaluation version with one month temporary license. There are free versions also available for spire.xls with some limitation. You can try that. Now click on the exe file after you extract the downloaded file. The installation will get started then.

Using the code

Before starting with coding you need to add the needed namespaces as follows.

[csharp]
using Spire.Xls;
using System.Drawing;
[/csharp]

First of all create a form and then a button, in the button click add the following lines of codes.

C# Code

[csharp]
private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
try
{
//Create a new workbook
Workbook workbook = new Workbook();
//Initialize worksheet
workbook.CreateEmptySheets(1);
Worksheet sheet = workbook.Worksheets[0];
//Set sheet name
sheet.Name = "Chart data";
//Set the grid lines invisible
sheet.GridLinesVisible = false;
//Create a chart
Chart chart = sheet.Charts.Add(ExcelChartType.Pie3D);
//Set region of chart data
chart.DataRange = sheet.Range["B2:B5"];
chart.SeriesDataFromRange = false;
//Set position of chart
chart.LeftColumn = 1;
chart.TopRow = 6;
chart.RightColumn = 9;
chart.BottomRow = 25;
//Chart title
chart.ChartTitle = "Sales by year";
chart.ChartTitleArea.IsBold = true;
chart.ChartTitleArea.Size = 12;
//Initialize the chart series
Spire.Xls.Charts.ChartSerie cs = chart.Series[0];
//Chart Labels resource
cs.CategoryLabels = sheet.Range["A2:A5"];
//Chart value resource
cs.Values = sheet.Range["B2:B5"];
//Set the value visible in the chart
cs.DataPoints.DefaultDataPoint.DataLabels.HasValue = true;
//Year
sheet.Range["A1"].Value = "Year";
sheet.Range["A2"].Value = "2002";
sheet.Range["A3"].Value = "2003";
sheet.Range["A4"].Value = "2004";
sheet.Range["A5"].Value = "2005";
//Sales
sheet.Range["B1"].Value = "Sales";
sheet.Range["B2"].NumberValue = 4000;
sheet.Range["B3"].NumberValue = 6000;
sheet.Range["B4"].NumberValue = 7000;
sheet.Range["B5"].NumberValue = 8500;
//Style
sheet.Range["A1:B1"].Style.Font.IsBold = true;
sheet.Range["A2:B2"].Style.KnownColor = ExcelColors.LightYellow;
sheet.Range["A3:B3"].Style.KnownColor = ExcelColors.LightGreen1;
sheet.Range["A4:B4"].Style.KnownColor = ExcelColors.LightOrange;
sheet.Range["A5:B5"].Style.KnownColor = ExcelColors.LightTurquoise;
//Border
sheet.Range["A1:B5"].Style.Borders[BordersLineType.EdgeTop].Color = Color.FromArgb(0, 0, 128);
sheet.Range["A1:B5"].Style.Borders[BordersLineType.EdgeTop].LineStyle = LineStyleType.Thin;
sheet.Range["A1:B5"].Style.Borders[BordersLineType.EdgeBottom].Color = Color.FromArgb(0, 0, 128);
sheet.Range["A1:B5"].Style.Borders[BordersLineType.EdgeBottom].LineStyle = LineStyleType.Thin;
sheet.Range["A1:B5"].Style.Borders[BordersLineType.EdgeLeft].Color = Color.FromArgb(0, 0, 128);
sheet.Range["A1:B5"].Style.Borders[BordersLineType.EdgeLeft].LineStyle = LineStyleType.Thin;
sheet.Range["A1:B5"].Style.Borders[BordersLineType.EdgeRight].Color = Color.FromArgb(0, 0, 128);
sheet.Range["A1:B5"].Style.Borders[BordersLineType.EdgeRight].LineStyle = LineStyleType.Thin;
//Number format
sheet.Range["B2:C5"].Style.NumberFormat = "\"$\"#,##0";
chart.PlotArea.Fill.Visible = false;
//Save the file
workbook.SaveToFile("Sample.xls");
//Launch the file
System.Diagnostics.Process.Start("Sample.xls");
}
catch (Exception)
{

throw;
}
}
[/csharp]

VB.NET Code

[vb]
‘Create a new workbook
Dim workbook As New Workbook()
‘Initialize worksheet
workbook.CreateEmptySheets(1)
Dim sheet As Worksheet = workbook.Worksheets(0)
‘Set sheet name
sheet.Name = "Chart data"
‘Set the grid lines invisible
sheet.GridLinesVisible = False
‘Create a chart
Dim chart As Chart = sheet.Charts.Add(ExcelChartType.Pie3D)
‘Set region of chart data
chart.DataRange = sheet.Range("B2:B5")
chart.SeriesDataFromRange = False
‘Set position of chart
chart.LeftColumn = 1
chart.TopRow = 6
chart.RightColumn = 9
chart.BottomRow = 25
‘Chart title
chart.ChartTitle = "Sales by year"
chart.ChartTitleArea.IsBold = True
chart.ChartTitleArea.Size = 12
‘Set the chart
Dim cs As Spire.Xls.Charts.ChartSerie = chart.Series(0)
‘Chart Labels resource
cs.CategoryLabels = sheet.Range("A2:A5")
‘Chart value resource
cs.Values = sheet.Range("B2:B5")
‘Set the value visible in the chart
cs.DataPoints.DefaultDataPoint.DataLabels.HasValue = True
‘Year
sheet.Range("A1").Value = "Year"
sheet.Range("A2").Value = "2002"
sheet.Range("A3").Value = "2003"
sheet.Range("A4").Value = "2004"
sheet.Range("A5").Value = "2005"
‘Sales
sheet.Range("B1").Value = "Sales"
sheet.Range("B2").NumberValue = 4000
sheet.Range("B3").NumberValue = 6000
sheet.Range("B4").NumberValue = 7000
sheet.Range("B5").NumberValue = 8500
‘Style
sheet.Range("A1:B1").Style.Font.IsBold = True
sheet.Range("A2:B2").Style.KnownColor = ExcelColors.LightYellow
sheet.Range("A3:B3").Style.KnownColor = ExcelColors.LightGreen1
sheet.Range("A4:B4").Style.KnownColor = ExcelColors.LightOrange
sheet.Range("A5:B5").Style.KnownColor = ExcelColors.LightTurquoise
‘Border
sheet.Range("A1:B5").Style.Borders(BordersLineType.EdgeTop).Color = Color.FromArgb(0, 0, 128)
sheet.Range("A1:B5").Style.Borders(BordersLineType.EdgeTop).LineStyle = LineStyleType.Thin
sheet.Range("A1:B5").Style.Borders(BordersLineType.EdgeBottom).Color = Color.FromArgb(0, 0, 128)
sheet.Range("A1:B5").Style.Borders(BordersLineType.EdgeBottom).LineStyle = LineStyleType.Thin
sheet.Range("A1:B5").Style.Borders(BordersLineType.EdgeLeft).Color = Color.FromArgb(0, 0, 128)
sheet.Range("A1:B5").Style.Borders(BordersLineType.EdgeLeft).LineStyle = LineStyleType.Thin
sheet.Range("A1:B5").Style.Borders(BordersLineType.EdgeRight).Color = Color.FromArgb(0, 0, 128)
sheet.Range("A1:B5").Style.Borders(BordersLineType.EdgeRight).LineStyle = LineStyleType.Thin
‘Number format
sheet.Range("B2:C5").Style.NumberFormat = """$""#,##0"
chart.PlotArea.Fill.Visible = False
‘Save doc file.
workbook.SaveToFile("Sample.xls")
‘Launch the MS Word file.
System.Diagnostics.Process.Start("Sample.xls")
[/vb]

In the above lines code, we are creating a pie chart by giving some settings and data and load it. Now if you run you will get an output as follows.

In the above mentioned lines of codes, we are doing so many processes, those processes are listed below.

Creating a new workbook

Initialize worksheet newly created

Set sheet name of worksheet

Set the grid lines invisible

Creating a chart

Set region of chart data

Set position of chart

Set Chart title

Initialize the chart series

Setting Chart Labels resource

Setting Chart value resource

Set the value visible in the chart

Apply Styles

Apply Borders

Give Number format if necessary

Save the file

At last Launch the file

Wow!. That’s cool right?

Not yet finished!. There are so many things you can try with your sheet object. I suggest you to try those. You will get surprised.

Working With Charts Using Spire XLS Sheet Object

If you want you can set different chart types too, it will give you a great design in your chart. The most useful chart types which I uses is Bar3DClustered, 3DBubble, Bubble, Column3D and many more.

Working_With_Charts_Using_Spire_XLS_Chart_Object

This product gives you many ways to make your chart in the way you like. There are plenty of options available to so so like you can set the Legend Position by using LegendPositionType property.

Next we will see how we can implement Column chart, what ever we have discusses will be same for every charts, but it may have some different properties which is strictly depends on the chart type.

Column Chart

Now we will create an another button and name it Column Chart. And in the button click you need to add the following codes.

C# Code

[csharp]
private void button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
try
{
//Load Workbook
Workbook workbook = new Workbook();
workbook.LoadFromFile(@"D:\Sample.xlsx");
Worksheet sheet = workbook.Worksheets[0];
//Add Chart and Set Chart Data Range
Chart chart = sheet.Charts.Add(ExcelChartType.ColumnClustered);
chart.DataRange = sheet.Range["D1:E17"];
chart.SeriesDataFromRange = false;
//Chart Position
chart.LeftColumn = 1;
chart.TopRow = 19;
chart.RightColumn = 8;
chart.BottomRow = 33;
//Chart Border
chart.ChartArea.Border.Weight = ChartLineWeightType.Medium;
chart.ChartArea.Border.Color = Color.SandyBrown;
//Chart Title
chart.ChartTitle = "Parts Sales Info";
chart.ChartTitleArea.Font.FontName = "Calibri";
chart.ChartTitleArea.Font.Size = 13;
chart.ChartTitleArea.Font.IsBold = true;
//Chart Axes
chart.PrimaryCategoryAxis.Title = "Parts";
chart.PrimaryCategoryAxis.Font.Color = Color.Blue;
chart.PrimaryValueAxis.Title = "Amounts";
chart.PrimaryValueAxis.HasMajorGridLines = false;
chart.PrimaryValueAxis.MaxValue = 350;
chart.PrimaryValueAxis.TitleArea.TextRotationAngle = 90;
//Chart Legend
chart.Legend.Position = LegendPositionType.Right;
//Save and Launch
workbook.SaveToFile("ExcelColumnChart.xlsx", ExcelVersion.Version2010);
System.Diagnostics.Process.Start("ExcelColumnChart.xlsx");

}
catch (Exception)
{

throw;
}
}
[/csharp]

VB.NET Code

[vb]
‘Load Workbook
Dim workbook As New Workbook()
workbook.LoadFromFile("E:\Sample.xlsx")
Dim sheet As Worksheet = workbook.Worksheets(0)
‘Add Chart and Set Chart Data Range
Dim chart As Chart = sheet.Charts.Add(ExcelChartType.ColumnClustered)
chart.DataRange = sheet.Range("D1:E17")
chart.SeriesDataFromRange = False
‘Chart Position
chart.LeftColumn = 1
chart.TopRow = 19
chart.RightColumn = 8
chart.BottomRow = 33
‘Chart Border
chart.ChartArea.Border.Weight = ChartLineWeightType.Medium
chart.ChartArea.Border.Color = Color.SandyBrown
‘Chart Title
chart.ChartTitle = "Parts Sales Info"
chart.ChartTitleArea.Font.FontName = "Calibri"
chart.ChartTitleArea.Font.Size = 13
chart.ChartTitleArea.Font.IsBold = True
‘Chart Axes
chart.PrimaryCategoryAxis.Title = "Parts"
chart.PrimaryCategoryAxis.Font.Color = Color.Blue
chart.PrimaryValueAxis.Title = "Amounts"
chart.PrimaryValueAxis.HasMajorGridLines = False
chart.PrimaryValueAxis.MaxValue = 350
chart.PrimaryValueAxis.TitleArea.TextRotationAngle = 90
‘Chart Legend
chart.Legend.Position = LegendPositionType.Right
‘Save and Launch
workbook.SaveToFile("ExcelColumnChart.xlsx", ExcelVersion.Version2010)
System.Diagnostics.Process.Start("ExcelColumnChart.xlsx")

[/vb]

Now if you run the code, you can see an output as follows.

Excel Bar Chart

Before going through you must add an new namespace as follows.

[csharp]
using Spire.Xls.Charts;
[/csharp]
Now we will create an another button in our form and in the click event we will write the receding lines of codes.

[csharp]
private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
try
{
Workbook workbook = new Workbook();
//Initailize worksheet
workbook.CreateEmptySheets(1);
Worksheet sheet = workbook.Worksheets[0];
sheet.Name = "Chart data";
sheet.GridLinesVisible = false;
//Writes chart data
CreateChartData(sheet);
//Add a new chart worsheet to workbook
Chart chart = sheet.Charts.Add();
//Set region of chart data
chart.DataRange = sheet.Range["A1:C5"];
chart.SeriesDataFromRange = false;
//Set position of chart
chart.LeftColumn = 1;
chart.TopRow = 6;
chart.RightColumn = 11;
chart.BottomRow = 29;
chart.ChartType = ExcelChartType.Bar3DClustered;
//Chart title
chart.ChartTitle = "Sales market by country";
chart.ChartTitleArea.IsBold = true;
chart.ChartTitleArea.Size = 12;
chart.PrimaryCategoryAxis.Title = "Country";
chart.PrimaryCategoryAxis.Font.IsBold = true;
chart.PrimaryCategoryAxis.TitleArea.IsBold = true;
chart.PrimaryCategoryAxis.TitleArea.TextRotationAngle = 90;
chart.PrimaryValueAxis.Title = "Sales(in Dollars)";
chart.PrimaryValueAxis.HasMajorGridLines = false;
chart.PrimaryValueAxis.MinValue = 1000;
chart.PrimaryValueAxis.TitleArea.IsBold = true;
foreach (ChartSerie cs in chart.Series)
{
cs.Format.Options.IsVaryColor = true;
cs.DataPoints.DefaultDataPoint.DataLabels.HasValue = true;
}
chart.Legend.Position = LegendPositionType.Top;
workbook.SaveToFile("Sample.xls");
ExcelDocViewer(workbook.FileName);

}
catch (Exception)
{
throw;
}
}
[/csharp]

As you can see we are calling a function CreateChartData to generate the data, so now we will write the function body.

[csharp]
private void CreateChartData(Worksheet sheet)
{
//Country
sheet.Range["A1"].Value = "Country";
sheet.Range["A2"].Value = "Cuba";
sheet.Range["A3"].Value = "Mexico";
sheet.Range["A4"].Value = "France";
sheet.Range["A5"].Value = "German";
//Jun
sheet.Range["B1"].Value = "Jun";
sheet.Range["B2"].NumberValue = 6000;
sheet.Range["B3"].NumberValue = 8000;
sheet.Range["B4"].NumberValue = 9000;
sheet.Range["B5"].NumberValue = 8500;
//Jun
sheet.Range["C1"].Value = "Aug";
sheet.Range["C2"].NumberValue = 3000;
sheet.Range["C3"].NumberValue = 2000;
sheet.Range["C4"].NumberValue = 2300;
sheet.Range["C5"].NumberValue = 4200;
//Style
sheet.Range["A1:C1"].Style.Font.IsBold = true;
sheet.Range["A2:C2"].Style.KnownColor = ExcelColors.LightYellow;
sheet.Range["A3:C3"].Style.KnownColor = ExcelColors.LightGreen1;
sheet.Range["A4:C4"].Style.KnownColor = ExcelColors.LightOrange;
sheet.Range["A5:C5"].Style.KnownColor = ExcelColors.LightTurquoise;
//Border
sheet.Range["A1:C5"].Style.Borders[BordersLineType.EdgeTop].Color = Color.FromArgb(0, 0, 128);
sheet.Range["A1:C5"].Style.Borders[BordersLineType.EdgeTop].LineStyle = LineStyleType.Thin;
sheet.Range["A1:C5"].Style.Borders[BordersLineType.EdgeBottom].Color = Color.FromArgb(0, 0, 128);
sheet.Range["A1:C5"].Style.Borders[BordersLineType.EdgeBottom].LineStyle = LineStyleType.Thin;
sheet.Range["A1:C5"].Style.Borders[BordersLineType.EdgeLeft].Color = Color.FromArgb(0, 0, 128);
sheet.Range["A1:C5"].Style.Borders[BordersLineType.EdgeLeft].LineStyle = LineStyleType.Thin;
sheet.Range["A1:C5"].Style.Borders[BordersLineType.EdgeRight].Color = Color.FromArgb(0, 0, 128);
sheet.Range["A1:C5"].Style.Borders[BordersLineType.EdgeRight].LineStyle = LineStyleType.Thin;
sheet.Range["B2:C5"].Style.NumberFormat = "\"$\"#,##0";
}
[/csharp]

And we will use the preceding function for viewing our chart created.

[csharp]
private void ExcelDocViewer(string fileName)
{
try
{
System.Diagnostics.Process.Start(fileName);
}
catch { }
}
[/csharp]

Now it is time to run our program. You will see the output as follows.

Excel Bar Chart

As you can see it is very easy to give styles and border to our chart.

[csharp]
//Style
sheet.Range["A1:C1"].Style.Font.IsBold = true;
sheet.Range["A2:C2"].Style.KnownColor = ExcelColors.LightYellow;
sheet.Range["A3:C3"].Style.KnownColor = ExcelColors.LightGreen1;
sheet.Range["A4:C4"].Style.KnownColor = ExcelColors.LightOrange;
sheet.Range["A5:C5"].Style.KnownColor = ExcelColors.LightTurquoise;
//Border
sheet.Range["A1:C5"].Style.Borders[BordersLineType.EdgeTop].Color = Color.FromArgb(0, 0, 128);
sheet.Range["A1:C5"].Style.Borders[BordersLineType.EdgeTop].LineStyle = LineStyleType.Thin;
sheet.Range["A1:C5"].Style.Borders[BordersLineType.EdgeBottom].Color = Color.FromArgb(0, 0, 128);
sheet.Range["A1:C5"].Style.Borders[BordersLineType.EdgeBottom].LineStyle = LineStyleType.Thin;
sheet.Range["A1:C5"].Style.Borders[BordersLineType.EdgeLeft].Color = Color.FromArgb(0, 0, 128);
sheet.Range["A1:C5"].Style.Borders[BordersLineType.EdgeLeft].LineStyle = LineStyleType.Thin;
sheet.Range["A1:C5"].Style.Borders[BordersLineType.EdgeRight].Color = Color.FromArgb(0, 0, 128);
sheet.Range["A1:C5"].Style.Borders[BordersLineType.EdgeRight].LineStyle = LineStyleType.Thin;
sheet.Range["B2:C5"].Style.NumberFormat = "\"$\"#,##0";
[/csharp]

Like this we can crate Line Chart, Radar Chart and many more. Please try those too. Now we will see How to Save Excel Charts as Images.

How to Save Excel Charts as Images

Create another button and write the preceding codes in button click.

[csharp]
private void button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
Workbook workbook = new Workbook();
workbook.LoadFromFile("D:\\Sample.xlsx", ExcelVersion.Version2010);
Worksheet sheet = workbook.Worksheets[0];
Image[] imgs = workbook.SaveChartAsImage(sheet);
for (int i = 0; i < imgs.Length; i++)
{
imgs[i].Save(string.Format("img-{0}.png", i), System.Drawing.Imaging.ImageFormat.Png);
}

}
[/csharp]

Here we are taking a file called Sample.xlsx and loop through the charts inside the file and save those as images with few lines codes. Sounds good right?

VB.Net Code
[vb]
Dim workbook As New Workbook()
workbook.LoadFromFile("D:\\Sample.xlsx", ExcelVersion.Version2010)
Dim sheet As Worksheet = workbook.Worksheets(0)
Dim imgs As Image() = workbook.SaveChartAsImage(sheet)
For i As Integer = 0 To imgs.Length – 1
imgs(i).Save(String.Format("img-{0}.png", i), ImageFormat.Png)
Next
[/vb]

Conclusion

I hope you liked this article. Please share me your valuable suggestions and feedback.

Kindest Regards
Sibeesh Venu

Find Occurrence Of A String

SibeeshVenu — Wed, 05 Aug 2015 00:53:48 +0000

In this article you will learn the ways to find the occurrence of a string from a string, or find a sub string from a string. We are using C# language to do this demo. In times, you may have faced this requirement. And I am sure you would do that. This article is for the one who don’t know how to achieve this. We will be discussing two methods here. I hope you will like it.

See demo

Occurrence Of A String Demo

Background

Today I have got a requirement of creating a function which performs some operations according to the occurrence of a string in a given string. Like, if a string pattern contains more that one time in a given string, it must do some actions and if it is just one time it should do other actions. I have done this in two ways, here I am sharing you that. I hope some one may find it is useful.

Using the code

We are going to discuss the following two ways to achieve this requirement.

Using Regex Class

Using Custom Function

We will start with a Regex class first.

To start with Regex, you need to add another namespace as given below.

[csharp]
using System.Text.RegularExpressions;
[/csharp]

Now consider we have designed our page as follows.

[html]

[/html]

And Some CSS styles as follows.

[css]

[/css]

If you add the above codes and CSS, your page may looks like in the preceding image.

Now we will see our C# code. Please add the below lines of codes in the button click event.

[csharp]
protected void btnCheckOccurance_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
int occuranceCount = 0;

//Checking Occurance
occuranceCount = Regex.Matches(txtInputString.Value.ToLower().Trim(), txtPattern.Value.ToLower().Trim()).Count;
if (occuranceCount > 0)
lblOutput.Text = "

Sibeesh Passion Says

The given string pattern " + txtPattern.Value + " Contains " + occuranceCount + " times in "
+ txtInputString.Value + "

Thank you for visiting. Please Visit Again!!!";
else
lblOutput.Text = "

Sibeesh Passion Says

The given string pattern " + txtPattern.Value + " Is not occured s in "
+ txtInputString.Value + "

Thank you for visiting. Please Visit Again!!!";
//End
}
[/csharp]

In the above code, we are finding the occurrence of a string by using a Regex.Matches function. The Regex.Matches function expects two parameters.

Input String (In which string we need to search for a string)

Pattern String(What we need to search in a string)

We are getting those two values from our texarea and pass as follows.

[csharp]
Regex.Matches(txtInputString.Value.ToLower().Trim(), txtPattern.Value.ToLower().Trim()).Count;
[/csharp]

Now if you run application, you will get output as follows.

As you can see I have given the words, “Sibeesh” and “passion” for testing, and it gave the correct number of occurrence right?

Now we will see how we can do this by Using a Custom Function.

Following in our function call.

[csharp]
occuranceCount = FindOccurrences(txtInputString.Value.ToLower().Trim(), txtPattern.Value.ToLower().Trim());
[/csharp]

And please find the function body below.

[csharp]
#region FindOccurrences
///

/// This method is used to get the Count of Occurrences of a string in a string
///

///
///
/// Int
public int FindOccurrences(string InputString, string patternString)
{
// Here we are looping through InputString
int intCount = 0;
int i = 0;
while ((i = InputString.IndexOf(patternString, i)) != -1)
{
i += patternString.Length;
intCount++;
}
return intCount;
}
#endregion
[/csharp]

Now if your run you will get the same output as we got by using a Regex function.

Now we will see our complete codes.

Complete Code

Default.aspx.cs

[csharp]
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text.RegularExpressions;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.UI;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls;

public partial class _Default : System.Web.UI.Page
{
protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{

}
protected void btnCheckOccurance_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
int occuranceCount = 0;

//Checking Occurance
//occuranceCount = Regex.Matches(txtInputString.Value.ToLower().Trim(), txtPattern.Value.ToLower().Trim()).Count;
occuranceCount = FindOccurrences(txtInputString.Value.ToLower().Trim(), txtPattern.Value.ToLower().Trim());
if (occuranceCount > 0)
lblOutput.Text = "

Sibeesh Passion Says

The given string pattern " + txtPattern.Value + " Contains " + occuranceCount + " times in "
+ txtInputString.Value + "

Thank you for visiting. Please Visit Again!!!";
else
lblOutput.Text = "

Sibeesh Passion Says

The given string pattern " + txtPattern.Value + " Is not occured s in "
+ txtInputString.Value + "

Thank you for visiting. Please Visit Again!!!";
//End
}
#region FindOccurrences
///

/// This method is used to get the Count of Occurrences of a string in a string
///

Default.aspx

[html]
<%@ Page Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeFile="Default.aspx.cs" Inherits="_Default" %>

Find Occurrence of String,Find String Form String,Regex,String Contains Substring – Sibeesh Passion

[/html]

Validation

Now if you want you can add some basic validation to your code in server side and client side. I will always recommend you to do both validation.

Server Side
[csharp]
if (txtInputString.Value.ToLower().Trim() != "" && txtPattern.Value.ToLower().Trim() != "")
{
}
[/csharp]

Place the button click event code inside of this if condition.

Client Side

Add a Jquery reference

[js]

[/js]

And add the below scripts.

[js]

[/js]

Conclusion

I hope someone found this article useful. Please share me your valuable thoughts and comments. Your feedback is always welcomed.

Thanks in advance. Happy coding!

Kindest Regards
Sibeesh Venu

Using Spire.XLS

SibeeshVenu — Sun, 12 Jul 2015 08:34:08 +0000

[toc]

Introduction

Hi I hope you all are fine. Today we are going to see a new product Spire.XLS which helps us to create, manipulate, convert EXCEL file to other formats and many more. This product has been introduced by the company E-Iceblue. I hope you have read my article of Spire.Doc. If you have not read it, I recommend you to read it here: Using Spire.Doc

Download source code

Using Spire XLS With Visual Studio

Background

Always, managing excel files through code is a tough job for me. If you are also thinking the same, I h3ly recommend this product Spire.XLX from E-Iceblue. It made the task easier than ever. In this article I will show you the demo for converting the Excel files to other formats. I hope you will like it.

Download the files

You can always the needed files from here: Download Spire.XLS

Install Spire.XLS

So Shall we start?

Once you Installed, you are ready to go. We will start with a “Simple Windows Form ” Application. Before getting started, Please install Spire.XLs and Visual studio 2008 or above. I am using Visual Studio 2015 RC. I hope everything set ?

Open your Visual Studio, click on New->Project->Select Visual C# (if you are good in C# or select Visual Basic) Project->Windows->Windows forms application->Name your project(I am naming it as Using SpireXLs)

Now create a group box and a button in your form and name them :). Later, click on the button.

Now right click on your project and click add reference, in the browse tab find out the folder in which you have installed spire xls. Usually it will be in the C:\Program Files\e-iceblue\Spire.Xls. Now just find your framework version from BIN folder and add Spire.xls.dll

Now we have added reference too. So shall we start coding ?

Using the code

To start with coding you need to add the needed namespaces as follows.

[csharp]
using Spire.Xls;
using Spire.Pdf;
using Spire.Xls.Converter;
[/csharp]

In the button click event you need to add the following lines codes.

C# Code

[csharp]
private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
// load Excel file
Workbook workbook = new Workbook();
workbook.LoadFromFile("D:\\MyExcel.xlsx");
// Set PDF template
PdfDocument pdfDocument = new PdfDocument();
pdfDocument.PageSettings.Orientation = PdfPageOrientation.Landscape;
pdfDocument.PageSettings.Width = 970;
pdfDocument.PageSettings.Height = 850;
//Convert Excel to PDF using the template above
PdfConverter pdfConverter = new PdfConverter(workbook);
PdfConverterSettings settings = new PdfConverterSettings();
settings.TemplateDocument = pdfDocument;
pdfDocument = pdfConverter.Convert(settings);
// Save and preview PDF
pdfDocument.SaveToFile("MyPDF.pdf");
System.Diagnostics.Process.Start("MyPDF.pdf");

}
[/csharp]

VB.NET Code

[csharp]
‘load Excel file
Dim workbook As New Workbook()
workbook.LoadFromFile("D:\MyExcel.xlsx")
‘ Set PDF template
Dim pdfDocument As New PdfDocument()
pdfDocument.PageSettings.Orientation = PdfPageOrientation.Landscape
pdfDocument.PageSettings.Width = 970
pdfDocument.PageSettings.Height = 850
‘Convert Excel to PDF using the template above
Dim pdfConverter As New PdfConverter(workbook)
Dim settings As New PdfConverterSettings()
settings.TemplateDocument = pdfDocument
pdfDocument = pdfConverter.Convert(settings)
‘ Save and preview PDF
pdfDocument.SaveToFile("MyPdf.pdf")
System.Diagnostics.Process.Start("MyPdf.pdf")
[/csharp]

In the above lines code, we are loading an excel file MyExcel.xlsx from my drive. The following is the content of our excel file.

Now if you run your project and click our button, you will get a pdf file as follows.

Cool!. Very simple right? Now we will go to other conversions as well.

Excel to HTML

To convert our excel file to HTML, you need to create a button in our form and paste the following codes to the button click event.

C# Code

[csharp]
private void button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
//load Excel file
Workbook workbook = new Workbook();
workbook.LoadFromFile("D:\\MyExcel.xlsx");
//convert Excel to HTML
Worksheet sheet = workbook.Worksheets[0];
sheet.SaveToHtml("MyHTML.html");
//Preview HTML
System.Diagnostics.Process.Start("MyHTML.html");

}
[/csharp]

VB.NET Code

[csharp]
Private Shared Sub Main(args As String())
‘load Excel file
Dim workbook As New Workbook()
workbook.LoadFromFile("D:\\MyExcel.xlsx")
‘convert Excel to HTML
Dim sheet As Worksheet = workbook.Worksheets(0)
sheet.SaveToHtml("MyHTML.html")
‘Preview HTML
System.Diagnostics.Process.Start("MyHTML.html")
End Sub
[/csharp]

Now if you run the code, you can see an html file as follows.

Excel To Image

To convert our excel file to image, you need to create a button in our form and paste the following codes to the button click event.

C# Code

[csharp]
private void button3_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
Workbook workbook = new Workbook();
workbook.LoadFromFile("D:\\MyExcel.xlsx");
Worksheet sheet = workbook.Worksheets[0];
sheet.SaveToImage("MyImage.jpg");

}
[/csharp]

VB.NET Code

[csharp]
Shared Sub Main(ByVal args() As String)
Dim workbook As New Workbook()
workbook.LoadFromFile("D:\\MyExcel.xlsx")
Dim sheet As Worksheet = workbook.Worksheets(0)
sheet.SaveToImage("MyImage.jpg")
End Sub
[/csharp]

Now if you run the code, you can see an Image as follows.

Excel to CSV

To convert our excel file to image, you need to create a button in our form and paste the following codes to the button click event.

C# Code

}
[/csharp]

VB.NET Code

End Sub
[/csharp]

Now if you run the code, you can see a CSV file as follows.

Please be noted that, you can convert your excel to any other file format, there are plenty of options available. Please try that too. I have given only three options which I use always.

Conclusion

Did I miss anything that you may think which is needed? Could you find this post as useful? I hope you liked this article. Please share me your valuable suggestions and feedback.

Your turn. What do you think?

Kindest Regards
Sibeesh Venu

How to read RESX file in C#

SibeeshVenu — Mon, 06 Jul 2015 11:16:08 +0000

[toc]

Introduction

In this article, you will learn how we can read a RESX file in our application using c#. I hope you will like it.

Download Source Code

Please feel free to download the source code from here: Using RESX

Background

A few days back I used a RESX file in my application and I have set some error codes and details in it. It worked like a charm. So I thought of sharing you a demo of how we can use RESX file in our application.

What is RESX file?

The .resx resource file format consists of XML entries
These XML entries specify objects and strings inside XML tags
It can be easily manipulated

Using the code

To start with, you need to create a web application. Here I am using Visual Studio 2012 and C# as the language.
Once you created the application, you need to create a RESX file by clicking the “New Item”

Now you can see a new file in your solution explorer named Resource1.resx

So our RESX file is ready, right? Now we can set some values to that 🙂 You can see the values I set to my RESX file in the preceding image.

Now add a web page and go to the code behind by right click+view code . What you need to do next is, adding needed namespaces. You can find out them from the preceding code block.

[csharp]
using System.Reflection;
using System.Resources;
using System.Globalization;
[/csharp]

Once it is done, you are ready to go. Please paste the below mentioned code in your page load.

[csharp]
ResourceManager rm = new ResourceManager(“UsingRESX.Resource1”,
Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly());
String strWebsite = rm.GetString(“Website”,CultureInfo.CurrentCulture);
String strName = rm.GetString(“Name”);
form1.InnerText = “Website: ” + strWebsite + “–Name: ” + strName;
[/csharp]

So in the above code block we are getting the values of “Name” and “Website” which we have already set in the RESX file. Cool right?

[csharp]
ResourceManager rm = new ResourceManager(“UsingRESX.Resource1”,
Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly());
[/csharp]

In the above mentioned code block we are setting our Resource file to the ResourceManager class. Please be noted that in UsingRESX.Resource1, UsingRESX is my project base name and Resource1 is my resource file name. The function GetString is used to read the resource file properties 🙂

Output

Now it is time to see the output.

Conclusion

Did I miss anything that you may think which is needed? Could you find this post as useful? I hope you liked this article. Please share me your valuable suggestions and feedback.

Your turn. What do you think?

Kindest Regards
Sibeesh Venu

How to replace number from a string in C#

SibeeshVenu — Wed, 24 Jun 2015 09:32:10 +0000

In this pose we will see how to replace a number from a string in C#. We can do this in several ways. Here I am going to show you one. I hope you will like this.

Consider following is my string.

[csharp]
String myString = "MyString1";
[/csharp]

And I need to take out the number 1 from the value MyString1. What will we do?

To do this we can use Regex class in C#. Following is the code to achieve the same 🙂

[csharp]
myString = Regex.Replace(sortdatafield, @"[\d-]", string.Empty);
[/csharp]

Once you done and Run, you will get the new value without numbers (“MyString”) in the variable myString

I hope someone found this useful. Happy Coding 🙂

Kindly see my code snippets here

Kindest Regards
Sibeesh Venu

How to take numbers from a string in C#

SibeeshVenu — Wed, 24 Jun 2015 09:24:03 +0000

Consider following is my string.
[csharp]
String myString = "MyString1";
[/csharp]

And I need to take out the number 1 from the value MyString1. What will we do?

To do this we can use Regex class in C#. Following is the code to achieve the same 🙂

[csharp]
myString = Regex.Match(myString , @"\d+").Value;
[/csharp]

Once you done and Run, you will get value 1 in the variable myString

I hope someone found this useful. Happy Coding 🙂

Kindest Regards
Sibeesh Venu

Split method with a string value in c#

SibeeshVenu — Sun, 31 May 2015 14:36:09 +0000

As you know a normal split method is accepting only a character . It will throw an error when we give a string to split. This code shows you how you can use split method to split a string by a string in c#.
[csharp]
string myQuery="select * from tblAccount where id=1"
List queryList = myQuery.Split(new string[] { "where" }, StringSplitOptions.None).ToList();
[/csharp]
The queryList will give you the list after split

Kindest Regards